基于一种新的均匀化实施方法的FRP刚度预测

基于一种新的渐近均匀化(AH)实施方法,预测并讨论了单向纤维增强复合材料(FRP)的宏观等效弹性性能及纤维排列方式对等效力学性能的影响。该方法方便地将有限元分析(FEA)软件作为一个工具箱使用,只需在单胞上施加简单位移周期边界条件开展静力学分析,即可经过简单计算得到等效弹性常数,相比传统均匀化实施方法显著降低了实施难度并简化了计算过程。通过对比不同数值方法的结果验证了该方法的有效性和精确性。数值结果表明:六边形排列下单向纤维增强复合材料呈现横观各向同性,而正方形排列下则呈现宏观正交各向异性,经过刚度平均化过程可得到横观各向异性材料性质,纤维体积含量对两种排列方式下材料等效弹性模量影响显著但有所差别。     

大曲率复合材料结构的缺陷特征与超声检测

采用超声回波法对大曲率碳纤维增强树脂基复合材料零件进行超声A 扫描，并对缺陷进行定位。结合缺陷区域和非缺陷区域的细观形貌金相图、宏观表面状态以及厚度测量结果的对比分析，讨论了缺陷形态与其回波波形特征的对应关系，以及缺陷可能的形成原因。结果表明，缺陷在细观尺度上呈现多处分层、气孔和孔隙密集缺陷，在宏观尺度上表现为零件表面贫胶与厚度增厚。缺陷的性质与超声A扫描的检测结果相吻合，缺陷的位置集中在零件大曲率部位，其形成原因与复合材料制造工艺密切相关。     

一种修正的Osher通量在高阶WCNS中的特性

将一种基于多维修正的Osher通量运用于高阶加权紧致非线性格式(WCNS)中,该修正通量主要在垂直于激波面的界面上增加耗散,能够改善Osher通量的激波捕捉稳定性,同时对边界层和接触间断的分辨率影响非常小。对修正的Osher通量在高阶WCNS中的特性进行研究,通过数值模拟测试了基于Osher通量的WCNS的激波稳定性、热流预测精度、边界层模拟能力、激波边界层干扰模拟能力,并与Steger-Warming通量和Roe通量进行了对比。结果表明修正后的Osher通量比Harten修正的Roe通量具有更好的激波捕捉鲁棒性,而边界层、驻点热流值和激波边界层干扰的模拟则明显优于Steger-Warming通量。上述结果说明了基于修正的Osher通量的高阶WCNS具有较好的激波捕捉特性、热流预测精度和边界层计算能力。     

共轴倾转旋翼性能计算方法

共轴倾转旋翼飞行器是一款可折叠机翼的高速旋翼飞行器。本文建立了适用于共轴倾转旋翼飞行器直升机模式、倾转过渡模式和固定翼飞机模式的旋翼性能计算方法,并对比风洞试验数据验证了共轴倾转旋翼轴流状态的性能和共轴双旋翼前飞状态的性能。在此基础上,分析了共轴倾转旋翼在倾转过渡状态各性能参数的变化规律、上下旋翼诱导速度的分布情况、上下旋翼之间的干扰面积和干扰因子的变化趋势。结论表明:相同来流速度下,当倾转角增大,共轴倾转旋翼的拉力系数减小,功率系数先增大后减小,上下旋翼的受干扰面积和干扰因子均增大。     

Wilkinson定理扰动界的改进估计

Wilkinson定理是代数特征值问题中的一个经典定理,文章给出了Wilkinson定理的结果中关于扰动矩阵上界的另一种估计形式,并指出该形式对Wilkinson定理具有一定的改进。     

Effect of curing condition on bonding quality of scarf-repaired composite laminates

Both single-face vacuum bag curing (SVC) and double-face vacuum bag curing (DVC) can be used in scarf repair of composite structures. But different curing conditions caused by the sealing state may affect the bonding quality of scarf-repaired structures. In this paper, the effect of curing condition on bonding quality of scarf-repaired laminates was experimentally investigated in terms of surface profiles, moisture absorption curves and section profiles. In order to further explore the moisture absorption mechanism, finite element model of the repaired laminates using DVC was established with moisture diffusion of both the adhesive and composite laminates considered. This model was verified by experimental results. Based on the model of DVC case, the model of SVC case was built by changing moisture absorption parameters of the adhesive. Results show that SVC reduces the bonding quality, mainly reflecting in more adhesive inner voids and patch-to-parent dislocation. And SVC increases moisture absorption rate and moisture equilibrium content of the adhesive, and its effect on the former is far greater than that on the latter.     

扩压叶栅剪敏液晶试验与图像处理

基于剪敏液晶涂层(SSLCC)材料的光学特性,发展了适合于内流场狭小空间环境下的SSLCC边界层流动显示技术:设计并加工了微型摄像头-发光二极管(LED)组合式图像采集设备解决拍摄光路问题;基于二维SSLCC图像与三维模型的空间映射关系,建立了真实模型的三维重构方法;通过SSLCC图像光谱Hue色相值转化,实现了液晶图像信息的定量分析。以西北工业大学高亚声速平面叶栅风洞为平台,开展了某扩压叶栅吸力面边界层流态的剪敏液晶流动显示试验。结果表明:所发展的剪敏液晶显示技术可进行叶栅内流场边界层的流态测量;所建立的图像处理方法可为边界层流动特征的辨识及其特征位置确定提供技术支撑;在来流马赫数为0.12、攻角为0°的条件下,叶片吸力面边界层沿流向依次经历了层流边界层分离、再附着及转捩为湍流状态的过程,且边界层的发展受叶栅角区分离流动影响,造成其前缘分离区减小,再附着点和边界层转捩位置向前缘移动。     

A fast and automatic full-potential finite volume solver on Cartesian grids for unconventional configurations

To meet the requirements of fast and automatic computation of subsonic and transonic aerodynamics in aircraft conceptual design,a novel finite volume solver for full potential flows on adaptive Cartesian grids is developed in this paper.Cartesian grids with geometric adaptation are firstly generated automatically with boundary cells processed by cell-cutting and cell-merging algo rithms.The nonlinear full potential equation is discretized by a finite volume scheme on these Cartesian grids and iteratively solved in an implicit fashion with a generalized minimum residual (GMRES) algorithm.During computation,solution-based mesh adaptation is also applied so as to capture flow features more accurately.An improved ghost-cell method is proposed to implement the non-penetration wall boundary condition where the velocity-potential of a ghost cell is modified by an analytic method instead.According to the characteristics of the Cartesian grids,the Kutta condition is applied by specially computing the gradients on Kutta-faces without directly assigning the potential jump to cells adjacent wake faces,which can significantly improve the solution con verging speed.The feasibility and accuracy of the proposed method are validated by several typical cases of sub/transonic flows around an ONERA M6 wing,a DLR-F4 wing-body,and an unconventional figuration of a blended wing body (BWB).The validation cases demonstrate a fast convergence with fully automatic grid treatment and computation,and the results suggest its capacity in application for aircraft conceptual design.     

Theoretical aspects of selecting repeated unit cell model in micromechanical analysis using displacement-based finite element method

Repeated Unit Cell(RUC)is a useful tool in micromechanical analysis of composites using Displacement-based Finite Element(DFE)method,and merely applying Periodic Displacement Boundary Conditions(PDBCs)to RUC is almost a standard practice to conduct such analysis.Two basic questions arising from this practice are whether Periodic Traction Boundary Conditions(PTBCs,also known as traction continuity conditions)are guaranteed and whether the solution is independent of selection of RUCs.This paper presents the theoretical aspects to tackle these questions,which unify the strong form,weak form and DFE method of the micromechanical problem together.Specifically,the solution’s independence of selection of RUCs is dealt with on the strong form side,PTBCs are derived from the weak form as natural boundary conditions,and the validity of merely applying PDBCs in micromechanical Finite Element(FE)analysis is proved by referring to its intrinsic connection to the strong form and weak form.Key points in the theoretical aspects are demonstrated by illustrative examples,and the merits of setting micromechanical FE analysis under the background of a clear theoretical framework are highlighted in the efficient selection of RUCs for Uni Directional(UD)fiber-reinforced composites.     

动力失效对起飞纵向气动特性影响数值研究

研究民用飞机动力失效对飞机起飞阶段纵向气动特性的影响规律及其机理,对保证飞机有效操纵和安全飞行具有重要意义.采用在点对点多块结构化网格系统上求解三维可压缩雷诺平均N-S方程的数值方法,研究发动机动力失效对某民用飞机起飞构型纵向气动特性的影响.通过DLR-F11模型验证研究方法对民用飞机高升力构型气动特性的预测能力;针对安装动力短舱的某翼吊涡扇发动机民用飞机起飞构型,通过对比其发动机在正常工况和失效时飞机气动特性的差异,得出动力失效对飞机纵向气动特性的影响规律及机理.结果表明:动力失效后,不但溢流效应会使飞机阻力系数增大;还会导致发动机进、排气特性较正常工作状态明显不同,恶化短舱附近流场,对飞机的升力、失速特性带来不利影响.